Hey All,
In case anyone do a search, I am just adding one comment to this conversation, which is:
When delivering a MASTER (Digital, or otherwise) always ask your client what their specifications are.
For the bigger broadcasters, and streamers, they often have their specifications listed on their website, easy to find if you search for it.
IMPORTANT: All of the below will be subject to change as new file formats, delivery and display systems are introduced.
Headliner explanation courtesy Dolby Professional support:
https://professionalsupport.dolby.com/s/article/Overview-of-Dolby-Atmos-Master-File-Formats
IMF IAB (.mxf)
IMF IAB is an MXF file that carries audio and metadata in an Immersive Audio Bitstream (IAB), which has been standardized by SMPTE. The advantage of IMF IAB files is that they fit into IMF file containers, enabling the packaging of picture, subtitles, channel-based audio, and Dolby Atmos audio in a single IMF. This can be very useful for delivery, quality control, and archiving for large OTT streaming services.
A few examples:
Netflix (Again Headliner, as it is much more involved than just the media “container” used for delivery):
https://partnerhelp.netflixstudios.com/hc/en-us/articles/7262346654995-Post-Production-Branded-Delivery-Specifications
2. IMF Specifications 2.1 Packaging
All deliveries to Netflix must be compliant to either SMPTE ST 2067-21:2016, SMPTE ST
2067-21:2020 or SMPTE ST 2067-21:2023 Interoperable Master Format (IMF) Application #2E. Packages containing immersive sound must additionally comply with SMPTE ST 2067-201:2019 Immersive Audio Bitstream (IAB) Level 0 Plug-in.
Netflix IMF Packages should be created directly from the color timeline out of a capable color grading tool OR from an intermediate mezzanine asset. IMF Packages must be delivered in the highest quality and resolution, including High Definition (HD) and Ultra High Definition (UHD). Netflix may explicitly request other resolutions.
BBC Studios pdf: 51 page guide for delivery:
https://www.bbcstudios.com/media/6914/contentdeliverybook.pdf
Page 20:
6.2 HD File Specifications
Video Source Digital: HD-SDI
Video Codec Profile Apple ProRes® 4:2:2 (HQ)
Container MOV (All files must have .mov extension
Page 22:
6.5 UHD File Specifications:
Video and Video
Codec
Format Standard ITU-R BT.2100 (3840 x 2160 25P)
Profile HDR Format Hybrid Log-Gamma
Reference White* 75 IRE (code value 721)
Colorimetry ITU-R BT.2100 (as defined in ITU-R BT.2020)
Colour Space 4:2:2 YCRCB
—-
Structure Intra Frame (I-Frame) only
Container MOV – QuickTime
Format Apple ProRes 422 (HQ)
Bit Rate 700 Mb/s
Encoding Profile High
Page 27:
6.12 IMF
BBC Studios will only accept IMF packages for specific titles and with pre-agreement.
If you would prefer to deliver an IMF package, please get in touch with your
programme operations contact to discuss the possibility further. An IMF package may
be requested of production by exception when key co-producers and / or
commissioning partners have a requirement.
BBC – Different to BBC Studios!!!
https://www.dropbox.com/s/sjsjlf4qtm68xc3/TechnicalDeliveryStandardsBBCFile.pdf?dl=0
Technical delivery standards
The BBC requires all Network television programmes to be delivered as AS-11 DPP files.
More information on AS-11:
https://www.thedpp.com/specs/as-11
AS-11 UK DPP
Developed in conjunction with UK broadcasters, the AS-11 UK DPP file delivery specification provides a format for completed programme deliveries (‘air-ready masters’). It is based on the MXF OP1A format with AVC Intra Class 100 compression for HD, and IMX at 50 Mb/s for SD. It includes a minimum set of requirements for Programme Editorial and Technical Metadata, based on EBU Core. Most UK broadcasters’ programme delivery requirements are based on AMWA AS-11 UK DPP.
Amazon Studios:
https://portal.amazonstudios.com/hc/en-us/articles/15986851525147-Delivery-QC
Digital Cinema Packages (DCP)
A Digital Cinema Package (DCP) is utilized for Theatrical distribution and exhibition. A DCP is a collection of audio, image, and data files. AMS Post Executive will advise when a DCP is required and provide the format specifications.
(<strong jscontroller=”zYmgkd” jsuid=”JhCmAd_1g” data-processed=”true”>Key DCP Standards & Formats:
<ul jscontroller=”mPWODf” jsuid=”JhCmAd_27″ data-processed=”true”>
<strong jscontroller=”zYmgkd” jsuid=”JhCmAd_2a” data-processed=”true”>SMPTE DCP: The current, modern standard for digital cinema, supporting higher frame rates and more features.
<strong jscontroller=”zYmgkd” jsuid=”JhCmAd_2d” data-processed=”true”>Interop (Inter-Operating) DCP: An older, deprecated “de facto” standard that was used as a stopgap before the formal SMPTE standard was fully adopted.
<strong jscontroller=”zYmgkd” jsuid=”JhCmAd_2g” data-processed=”true”>JPEG 2000: The required video compression codec.
<strong jscontroller=”zYmgkd” jsuid=”JhCmAd_2j” data-processed=”true”>MXF: The wrapper format used for audio and video.)
In addition, Amazon has a whole page with nearly every possible delivery scenario:
<b title=”Asset Technical Specifications” data-title=”Asset Technical Specifications”>Asset Technical Specifications (Post-Production):
https://portal.amazonstudios.com/hc/en-us/articles/15986845319323-Asset-Technical-Specifications
MXF appears 46 times on that page.
.mov appears 25 times.
Disney ABC Television Network deliverables: [Feels a bit outdated, so there may be a newer version]:
https://files.disneyadvertising.com/MediaKit/ABC-Brands/HD-Tech-Specs.pdf
As of April 28, 2022:
The file delivery format for delivery to ABC is MXF for playout on ABC’s Nexio server farm. Details about the file format are specified in section 2.5.7.
2.5.7 Encoding
2.5.7.1 All MXF files should be encoded XDCAM-HD at
a data rate of 50Mbps
2.5.7.2 All audio should be recorded uncompressed,
at a sampling rate of 48KHz and at a
preferred bit depth of 20 bits
PBS 86 page pdf “Producer’s Handbook”
https://www.pbs.org/about/producing-pbs/bento-api/filer-file-download/392931/
DIGITAL FILE DELIVERY SPECIFICATIONS
ProRes HQ
File Format: Quicktime (.mov)
Size Estimate: ~ 1GB per minute of video
Timecode starts at 1:00:00;00
No closed captioning.
One (1) video per file.
Video Stream
Codec: ProRes HQ
Frame Size 16/9: 1920 x 1080
Frame Rate: 29.97 Drop frame
Video Standard: NTSC
Scan Type: Interlaced (Upper Field First)
Video Stream BitRate: 220 Mbps
Video Stream BitRate Mode: CBR
Audio Stream
Codec: PCM (Little Endian)
Audio Stream BitRate: 1.4 Mbps
Audio Stream BitRate Mode: CBR
Number of Audio Channels: 4 (Stereo 1&2, Mono 3&4)
Sampling Rate: 48 KHz
Bit Depth: 16 bits
PBS Distribution: GLOBAL TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
https://pbsdistribution.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/PBSd-GLOBAL-TECHNICAL-SPECIFICATIONS-September-2024.pdf
3.1 Accepted Video Codecs
High Definition (HD): Preferred – Apple ProRes 422 HQ
Acceptable – DNxHD MXF OP1a 175 10bit or higher resolution (mxf wrapper)
Ultra High Definition (UHD): Preferred – Apple ProRes 422 HQ or Apple ProRes 4444 (mov wrapper)
Acceptable – DnxHR HQ UHD or 4K UHD IMF extension 2 (mxf wrapper)
When delivering UHD content, a matching HD file must also be delivered in compliance with the above HD codecs.
End note:
This is just a small selection of streamers and broadcasters.
Please, please, please keep in mind, that if you do not follow their specifications, your program delivery are likely to be rejected by their Quality Control process. This in itself is expensive.
And much more expensive if you miss your deadline.
There is a reason for why some of these documents runs past 50 pages in volume.
And I have only covered a fraction oin this post, which is mainly related to what video codec/wrapper you should look out for when delivering.
Happy to help here, or away from the public.
Hope this helps?
Atb
Mads