Normally when Ae opens a project, it opens timeline panels and a viewer for any comps that were opened when the project was saved. If you hold Shift while the project loads, Ae will open the project WITHOUT opening timeline/viewer panels for previously-opened comps.
Then, you could open comps one at a time and see which comp is crashing Ae. Finally, you could put CapsLock on, open the culprit comp, eyeball off every layer, turn CapsLock off, and eyeball the layers back on one at a time until you find the one that’s causing the crash.