Unfortunately, that is not how MatchFrame works, it does not know about any ‘history’, it only stores one ‘connection’.
That said, you should be able to the original audio, depending on how it was brought in.
Park on the clip you need to find the other tracks for, hit MatchFrame. With the synced clip loaded in the source monitor, deselect V1 on the source(!) side, and hit MatchFrame again. This should open up the audio-only clip. If the original tracks were brought in individually, you can only matchframe back to one of the used tracks. If the original tracks were brought in as multitrack master clips, that clip with all tracks will pop up.
But it would be way easier to do this in Pro Tools. Simply copy all audio media to a disk for sound editorial and create a non-embedded (“link to media”) AAF of your sequence. In PT, open this AAF, and flag the dialogue tracks as “Field Recorder Guide Tracks”. This allows the sound editor to bring up all related tracks for each timeline event, and extract those ISO channels onto separate tracks. Can be done in batch as well.