If nothing bends you can animate strictly with IK — no bones or joints necessary. Otherwise you will need joints, weight tags, and a skin deformer.
Range Mapper is just an xpresso node that converts a range of inputs to a different range of outputs. It might be used in a character rig but it’s not a character animation tool in itself.
CA is too big a topic to explain in a forum post. I suggest you check out the tutorials that came with Cinema and some online tutorials at C4DCafe, etc.