Daniel, I’m wrestling with the same question. There are a number of issues, including speed, cost, etc. Some of the differences are almost impossible to measure, except by your purely visual “feeling.” I have heard one experienced DSLR shooter say the D5 image is just “meatier” and “stronger.”
For me, the main issue is shallow depth of focus. The full-frame sensor allows shallower DOF, with the proper (low f/stop) lens. OTOH, it would be silly to pay extra for the 5D if it means you won’t then have $ for fast lenses.
Using some online calculators, with a distance setting of 5′, with focal lengths yielding similar fields of view (55mm on the 5D is similar to 35mm on the 7D), here are some numbers:
5D with 55mm lens @ f/2: 0.29′ DOF
7D with 35mm lens @ f/1.2: 0.27′ DOF
7D with 35mm lens @ f/2: 0.46′ DOF
Check out https://www.dofmaster.com and https://www.digified.net/focallength/ if you want to check out other focal lengths and apertures.
My question for the group is: without using ND filters, how easy is it to shoot on either the 5D or 7D at maximum aperture, in bright sunlight?
Bob C