Martin,
I realize this post is several years old, but I was looking around trying to find the answer to your question, and I was able to figure it out. The font “Apple Symbols” has the “circle p” character. If you bring up the font book, select Apple Symbols, and under the Preview pulldown menu select Repertoire, it will be in that listing.
As to how to get that symbol into whatever you are working with, it depends on the tool you are using. Most likely it will be some sort of “insert symbol” or “insert character” option on a pulldown menu. Good luck.