In resolve u can use proxy under the top menu ”playback” proxy mode half res or quarter res and secondly in project settings inside camera raw decode using half or qarter res. There are also other things to speed up the stuff like turning on the cache for the clips but none of these make any big difference, u still wont be able to edit in resolve. Its not a editing program, although the editing features are good but may be the clipster machine owners can have this benefit of editing in resolve.
In Premiere Pro CC there is a tab below the program viewer where u can change the playback res to 1/2, 1/4, or 1/8 but this program can handle and edit files like R3d directly and smoothly at 1/2 playback quality without having a very expensive system.
The only thing i know about FCP x there is an option ”create optimized media” that improves performance. FCP X is a good software, it also runs on low spec systems but the user interface does not let u edit very fast despite it is user friendly.