The scenario you describe, photographing a single person from the air, is quite simple.
With a shutter speed higher than 1/1000 and a good size lens, 300mm to 400mm, there should be no technical issues.
The speed of the aircraft is not an issue, nor is focal length or any other technical issues.
The shutter speed will stop any vibrational issues and the lens will be about as large as you can use freehand.
From the standpoint of actually having a recognizable photo of the person on the ground…not likely with most equipment.
David Rodwell
Aerial Photography Academy