If you have correlated the noise with mains power line events, that strongly suggests power-line interference is the root problem. So your attention to the power line is a good instinct IMHO.
Bur a “surge protector” is not anything like a power line noise filter. I would go so far as to say that a “surge protector” that cost less than $100-200 may not be much of a “surge protector” either. Most “surge protectors” are $3 plastic power strips with a single-use MOV (metal oxide varistor) that cost 72 cents. And they they charge you 20x for the warm feeling of protection.
If I had that problem, I would first attempt to discover exactly which loads in your house are causing the transients. Then you can apply a snubber across the switch contacts. Always better to stop the transient at the source than try to protect yourself downstream.
It has always been the case that some microphones are more sensitive to power noise than others. No real surprise there.
Something like these are what I would consider minimum “noise filters”
https://www.amazon.com/dp/B00IX04FDW/
https://www.amazon.com/dp/B003PJ6NPO/
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Recording audio without metering and monitoring is exactly like framing and focusing without looking at the viewfinder.