I don’t know of any simple conversion process that will turn the extruded paths into tapered models as you suggest. You can round the caps of the extrude, or offset the different extruded paths to create layers of different depths, but in order to create one object that is thicker in the middle and tapers to the edge I don’t know of any other way than modelling it. You can convert the extruded paths to polygon objects, but you will then need to subdivide the faces in order to model them. If you want to go that route look for modelling tutorials, as that whole process is beyond the scope of a question and answer forum like this.