Sorry for posting in an old thread but I just figured out how to fix this.
There’s a menu on the right in Photoshop CS, it’s labeled “Color” (F6 brings it up) it has two boxes of color that show the current foreground and background colors. One will have a black outline around the color box and the other will have a slightly lighter gray box around it. For some reason these outlines are almost indistinguishable from each other, thin, and hard to see… but they control which box is active. You want to click on the edge of the one in front (the foreground color) to change the current tool default to that box.
Do this for all of your tools that are having trouble. Make sure to click on the edge of the color box and not inside where the color is. Hopefully this will fix your problem.
-Diana