Film at 24fps, telecine at 29,97, audio at 30. No sync.

[Gabriel Carrere]

What? there is no such thing as “audio pullup”
First OFF- Audio files do not have frame rates, there are no frames in audio, audio is measured in feet and inches or minutes and seconds- there are not now nor have ever been frames in Audio.

True but deceiving way of thinking, I believe.

Shouldn’t the sample rate be considered “as” frame rate, as it determines the number of samples in wich a certain lenght of audio is decomposed ? Isnt’t that why a 48.000 kHz can be pulled up or down of 0.1% by being resampled it at 47.952 or 48.048 kHz – a way of tricking Avid or FCP who’ll import and consider it as 48.000 ? Sorry for the poor english.

[Nayeli Garci-crespo]

“What? there is no such thing as “audio pullup”
First OFF- Audio files do not have frame rates, there are no frames in audio, audio is measured in feet and inches or minutes and seconds- there are not now nor have ever been frames in Audio.”

Actually, though it was true before that audio had no frame rate, digital audio recorded with field recorders now has metadata that can specify frame rate, in addition to sample rate. This metadata affects how programs deal with audio–it CAN make a difference if your audio file has a 23.98, 29.97, 30, 24, or 25 frame rate specified. Things have gotten a lot more complicated than they were. You can even have a file that is recorded at one sample rate but stamped in the metadata at another rate.

So though in a strict sense, yes, there are no frames in audio, but rather samples, the metadata that has the timecode information and the samples since midnight does in effect embed frame rate information in the audio file, and this affects how that audio file is reproduced. How any particular program deals with all the different metadata varies. Different software reads or ignores or interprets metadata in different ways. And since software is continuously and quickly evolving, doing workflow tests is essential. This is a particular “nightmare” in Final Cut Pro, which applies pullup or pulldown where it thinks is necessary, without giving you the direct option of turning it on or off.

And YES, there is such a thing as pullup in audio–it’s the opposite of pulldown. These terms are used to mean a sample rate conversion, so that audio plays back either .1% slower (pulldown) or .1% faster (pullup)… changes that are often necessary to get your audio to synch with your video and/or film in NTSC land. You could argue that it would be better to actually say “sample rate conversion” instead, but they are an easy way to indicate the speed change (which sometimes is “baked in” with a render, or other times just applied within a session while you are working with the audio).

-Nayeli